Key Updates in EU Implements ISO 15118 Standards for EV Charging Interoperability

On June 18, 2025, the European Union released Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/656, updating its previous regulation on electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. This revision focuses on improving interoperability, communication, and user experience across public and private charging networks throughout the EU. The updated rules cover AC and DC chargers for both light and heavy-duty vehicles, vehicle-to-grid communication, wireless charging, and hydrogen supply systems.

Key Updates in the Regulation

1. Mandatory Compliance with ISO 15118 Standards
From January 8, 2026, all newly installed or refurbished public AC and Dc Charging Stations must comply with EN ISO 15118-1 to EN ISO 15118-5 standards. These standards define the communication protocols between EVs and charging stations, enabling key features such as Plug & Charge, which allows automatic authentication and billing without physical cards or apps. Starting January 1, 2027, all new or upgraded charging stations must also comply with EN ISO 15118-20, which introduces second-generation network and application layer requirements, supporting advanced functionalities including bidirectional charging and wireless charging.

2. Standardization of Connectors and Charging Modes
The regulation specifies the types of connectors and charging modes for interoperability:

• AC Chargers (≤22 kW): Must support Type 2 connectors.

• DC Chargers: Must include Combo 2 (CCS2) connectors.

• L-Category Vehicles (e.g., e-bikes, scooters): May use Type 3A or Mode 1/2 AC connections.

These specifications ensure uniformity across the EU, simplifying the user experience and guaranteeing compatibility for all EV drivers.

3. Implementation Deadlines and Transition Periods
The regulation provides clear timelines for compliance:

• January 8, 2026: New or refurbished publicly accessible charging stations must comply with EN ISO 15118-1 to -5.

• January 1, 2027: Compliance with EN ISO 15118-20 becomes mandatory for all new and upgraded stations, including private and semi-public installations.

Operators of existing stations must upgrade hardware and software to meet these standards within the defined period.

Implications for Manufacturers and Operators

EV charging infrastructure manufacturers and operators must adapt to the new regulation by:

1) Upgrading Equipment: Ensuring new installations and retrofits meet ISO 15118 standards.

2) Software Enhancements: Implementing advanced features such as Plug & Charge and vehicle-to-grid integration.

3) Training and Certification: Ensuring staff are trained and equipment is certified for compliance.

Compliance with these updated standards is not only mandatory but also enhances user experience by enabling seamless, secure, and interoperable charging services. The ISO 15118 protocol acts as a universal language between EVs and charging stations, supporting smart energy management and intelligent charging, which is essential for the continued growth of the EV ecosystem in Europe.

Strategic Significance

The new regulation reinforces the EU’s commitment to accelerating electric mobility and establishing a standardized, future-ready charging network. Manufacturers and operators who proactively adopt these standards can ensure regulatory compliance, improve customer satisfaction, and position themselves as leaders in the rapidly expanding EV market. By aligning with these technical and safety requirements, the European EV charging infrastructure will achieve higher interoperability, better integration with renewable energy, and more intelligent energy management capabilities, paving the way for widespread adoption of electric vehicles.